Hiking with a Reactive Dog: Is It Possible?

Hiking is a great way to bond with your dog and enjoy the outdoors. However, if your dog is reactive, it may seem like an impossible dream.

It’s a concern we see often in our Facebook group, Camping & Hiking with Dogs Ontario.

As a nervous dog owner, I understand the challenges of walking a reactive dog in any setting. But hiking introduces some unique challenges.

Wildlife, off-leash dogs, mountain bikers, and more…

While I’m not claiming to be a canine behaviourist or professional dog trainer, I do have a lot of experience hiking with a reactive dog.

Don’t give up your dream of hiking with your best friend. Adventuring with a reactive, anxious or nervous dog is possible – it just looks a little different.

In this blog post, I will share my tips and tricks (from personal experience) for safely hiking with a reactive dog.

Plus, I reveal my go-to dog adventure gear for successfully navigating the trails with my little man.

This post contains affiliate links, which means if you click and buy, we will make a commission (at no cost to you). See my full disclosure policy for more details.

Some items included in this post were gifted to us by the brand, but the opinions shared about these products are all our own. 

What is Reactivity?

Before we dig into the details, let’s step back and start at the beginning – What is a reactive dog? What makes a dog reactive?

As the term suggests, reactivity means a dog reacts or responds to a trigger or situation more than what would be normally expected.

Triggers could be anything from people and other dogs to bicycles and vehicles.

This reaction could result from any number of emotions – fear, frustration (as seen with a leash-reactive dog), or even excitement.

Reactivity does not mean a dog is aggressive. However, if not properly addressed, it can create a dangerous situation.  

Some common signs your dog may be reactive include:

• Barking, growling, or snarling
• Lunging and pulling at the end of the leash
• Bouncing or jumping excessively
• Hiding behind you, between your legs, or seeking other hiding spaces
• Trying to jump into your arms
• Trying to pull out of their collar or harness
• Grabbing at their leash, your clothing, etc. and shaking it
• Nipping or (in extreme cases) biting

Reactivity is not a sign that your dog is untrained or misbehaving. They are not doing anything purposely or choosing to overreact.

Dogs that struggle with reactivity are dealing with intense emotions.

They need help managing these emotions or learning how to respond to their triggers in a safe and healthy way.

Lucifer’s Story: My Experience with Reactivity

I have previously experienced reactivity with childhood dogs and through my volunteer work in the animal rescue space.

However, those experiences don’t compare to caring for my own reactive dog.

Our little man Lucifer came to me as a 4-month-old puppy found abandoned in a ditch with his littermates.

While we don’t know what he experienced before he was rescued, we know that he suffered severe injuries to both front legs, requiring an orthopedic specialist.

Lucifer is a fear-reactive dog.

His primary trigger is men. However, when his emotions are high, he can become so worked up that he reacts to other stimuli, including people, other dogs, bicycles, and even wildlife.

We quickly learned that he was so afraid, that he would growl, snarl, snap, and run to me for safety.

Since adopting him, we have been committed to ongoing training (counterconditioning) and have worked with some incredible trainers.

Lucifer has come a LONG way. He is an amazing, loving, and incredibly loyal boy. But he still has a long way to go.

Does Hiking Offer Any Benefits for My Dog?

If hiking or going out in public creates such difficult and overwhelming emotions for your dog, you may wonder – Should I even consider hiking with my dog?

As with anything else involving our dogs, we need to weigh the pros and cons.

A hiking trail may be a good alternative for dog parents struggling with how to walk a reactive dog safely in a high traffic area, like a busy city or in the suburbs with children running around.

Hiking is an excellent form of physical and mental enrichment, introducing your dog to new locations, smells, sounds, and experiences.

Encouraging your dog to be active can help keep your best friend at a healthy weight while helping prevent many health issues, including diabetes, heart disease, and joint-related problems.

It can also create an ideal training opportunity.

Most importantly, hiking is a fantastic way to strengthen your bond with your dog.

For us, assuming proper precautions are taken, these benefits far outweigh the challenges and struggles we may face.

Tips for Safely Hiking with a Reactive Dog

There is no “quick fix” solution that will allow you to confidently hit the trails with our reactive dog by your side.

However, there are steps we can take to prepare for hiking and manage their reactivity, creating a safe and enjoyable experience for everyone involved.

Here are a few tips and tricks we have learned throughout the journey with Lucifer.

Learn Your Dog’s Triggers

One of the most important things you can do as a reactive dog parent is learn what triggers your dog’s reactions.

As previously discussed, this reaction could vary considerably from dog to dog.

Some reactive dogs respond with overexcitement when encountering other dogs, while others may become fearful and defensive at the sight of any man they don’t know.

This information will allow you to make strategic decisions to avoid or manage your dog’s exposure to these triggers.

On the Flip Side, Learn What Motivates Your Dog

Training a reactive dog is a lot of work; you must motivate your dog to do the work and make these changes. So, what sparks excitement for your dog?

If you automatically associate treats with dog training, you’re not alone. But it may not be the best motivator.

Some dogs aren’t motivated at all by treats.

Take a moment to consider what your dog would do anything for. Depending on the dog, it could be a high-value treat, a favourite toy, praise and love from “their person,” or any combination.

Don’t be afraid to get specific. For example, Lucifer loves Charlee Bear Grain Free Crunch Dog Treats and his favourite Chuck-It ball.

Focus on Counterconditioning

Counterconditioning refers to the process of teaching your dog how to cope with their emotions and respond differently to a trigger.

This is done by associating their trigger with something they enjoy, creating a positive association – the motivating reward you just identified in the last point.

To work on counterconditioning, reward your dog when they see their trigger appear.

Start at a safe distance. For example, if other dogs trigger your dog, you may need to start across the park from another dog.

In time, you will notice your dog will start to associate the trigger with the reward, looking at you after seeing a trigger rather than responding to it.

At this stage, move a little closer and repeat the process.

Continue moving closer slowly, allowing your dog to set the pace until they can be close to the trigger while still choosing to look to you for that reward.

If your dog’s trigger is people or other dogs, hiking may involve being very close as you pass on the trail. Use this as your goal.

Teach Helpful Basic Commands

In addition to counterconditioning, some basic obedience commands could prove especially helpful while on the trails.

This is true for all dogs, but more so when you’re trying to manage your dog’s reactivity.

I often use the “Look” command to draw Lucifer’s attention away from a trigger and to me, allowing me to reward him during counterconditioning.

Good leash manners will make it easier to keep your dog by your side and under control when faced with a trigger.

Taking time to brush up on their basic training skills can help at home and on the trails.

Keep Your Emotions in Check

Studies have shown that anxiety and stress in dog parents can actually rub off on our dogs.

This means if you’re coming up to a trigger and you allow yourself to be stressed in anticipation of a problem, you may be making the situation worse.

A trainer once explained that I am Lucifer’s thermostat – I can control his “temperature” or the overall level of emotion he is experiencing, which stuck with me.

Take a deep breath and try to go into experiences with a level head and calm response.

I understand this can be difficult, especially when your dog often responds in significantly over-the-top or frustrating ways.

Don’t Hesitate to Advocate for Your Dog

Yes, I just told you to keep a level head. But this doesn’t mean that you can’t step up and advocate for your dog when needed.

Whether you’re asking someone to leash their dog, declining a request to pet them, or simply letting others know that they need space – you are your dog’s voice.

They communicate in many ways. Unfortunately, verbal skills aren’t on that list…

If someone argues or pushes back, stand your ground. Be firm. You (and your dog) don’t owe anyone anything in terms of engaging and interacting with them, especially if it puts them in a potentially unsafe situation.  

Sometimes, this may take being creative.

When I inform people that Lucifer is not friendly with strangers, I often have people push back, claiming he’s too cute to be reactive.

I didn’t realize reactivity was apparently tied to his appearance. You learn something new every day (insert eye-roll here).

I quickly learned that in those situations, it’s often respected more if I state I’m the one who’s not friendly… They never seem to argue with me!

Choose Your Locations Carefully

One of the best things you can do to make hiking a safer and more enjoyable experience for your dog is to choose your trails strategically.

Avoid highly trafficked and overly popular trails where you will likely encounter crowds.

Read the descriptions and reviews of trails on apps like AllTrails to get a better idea of what you can expect, including how many people you may run into or if off-leash dogs are often seen on the trail.

In addition to who is using the trail, consider the trail conditions themselves.

Some trails are incredibly narrow, meaning you will be required to pass other hikers in very close proximity, while a wider trail will make it easier to give your dog their much-needed personal space.

Other questions to consider include:

• Does the trail allow mountain biking? ATVs?
• Is it a family-friendly trail often used by families with young children?
• Are riders allowed to take horses on the trails?
• Does the trail pass near a potential trigger, like a road or a field with livestock?
• Do hikers often see wildlife on the trail?

Keep in mind that the rules surrounding what is allowed on a trail may not line up with what is actually seen on the trail. This is where reviews and first-hand accounts are helpful.

Selecting the best trail for your dog and their unique needs is key to setting them up for success.

Try Hiking During Off-Peak Hours

Do you have your heart set on tackling a more popular trail with your best friend by your side?

You may have better luck with a busier trail by hiking during off-peak hours. This could include accounting for the time of day or the time of year.

For example, I wouldn’t dream of taking Lucifer on any trail in Algonquin during peak hours in the fall with all the fall leaf watchers. The area is known to get overly busy. But we enjoyed a beautiful hike on the Two Rivers Trail in March.

We’ve also hiked some of Ontario’s more popular trails, like the Fire Tower Trail at Restoule PP and the Nokomis Trail at Lake Superior PP.

Try hiking early in the morning before most people get up and moving or during supper hours when most people have now settled in for the day. Consider weekday hikes when your schedule allows versus on the weekend.  

Another great way to enjoy a more popular trail is to head out when the weather isn’t quite perfect.

I don’t necessarily mean a torrential downpour, but we love hiking during light when most people avoid the trails. Lucifer and I won’t melt!

Invest in Professional Help

One important fact about dog reactivity that I can’t stress enough is that it will not just go away on its own in time.

If you are trying to work with your dog doing the counterconditioning exercises as briefly outlined above and are struggling to see any results, it may be time to reach out for help.

Remember, a reactive dog is NOT a bad dog.

There is also no shame in needing a professional’s assistance. We contact professionals to help with our problems all the time – like doctors, dentists, lawyers, and accountants.

This is simply someone with more experience who can help you identify the best solution to move forward and create the best life for your pup.

When selecting a trainer or dog behaviourist, do your homework. You want to find someone who has experience and results working with reactivity.

Additionally, you want to ensure you are connecting with someone whose methods align with your own. For example, if a trainer regularly uses a tool or training approach you are uncomfortable with, they wouldn’t be the right fit.

Don’t forget that the trainer can’t magically fix the problem. You are committing to a long-term solution that will involve doing the work at home between sessions to see success.

Must-Have Gear for Safe Adventures with a Reactive Dog

While your gear won’t solve the problem alone, having the right tools at your disposal can make a big difference when managing a reactive dog.

This includes tools that will help improve communication (with your dog and with others), assist with training, and prevent an uncomfortable or potentially dangerous situation.

Here are a few tools we use regularly when hiking with Lucifer:

High-Value Rewards

Returning to a previous point, having a high-value reward in your dog’s eyes is the secret to success. What this is will differ from dog to dog.

For Lucifer, nothing works better than his favourite Charlee Bear Grain Free Crunch Dog Treats or his Chuck-It Ball.

Take time to find out in advance what that is for your dog. Try different options around the home and see what gets them excited.

Some other treats we will mix into the treat bag for variety include:

• Crumps’ Naturals Mini Trainers
• Zuke’s Mini Naturals
• PureBites Beef Freeze Dried Dog Treats
• Vital Essentials Freeze Dried Raw Beef Tripe Bites

Convertible Leash

Always use a solid leash you can trust to hold your dog back, even if they are pulling with all their might.

I prefer a convertible leash or walking system that allows me to wear the leash around my waist or crossbody while also holding it, as it gives me that extra security that a leash won’t be dropped at any point.

A traffic handle is an excellent addition for better control in close quarters.

We use a convertible Biothane leash from Mysfit Mutt.

Secure and Reliable Harness

Choose a solid harness that will hold up even in an altercation (although the goal is to avoid them).

Ensure your dog’s harness is the right size and is adjusted to fit them properly and prevent escape. This should be done at home before heading out on your adventure.

We swear by the RC Pets Momentum Control Harness for both of our dogs.

Visual Warning Signs

There are several products you can use to create a visual warning to other hikers that your dog is nervous, anxious, in training, or otherwise not to be approached.

We have a bright red “I Am Anxious. Give Me Space” bandana for Lucifer and a leash sleeve that states “Do Not Approach.”

Other options I have seen include collars, vests, and harnesses.

High-Quality Muzzle

Muzzles have a negative stigma but are one of the most valuable tools you can have with a reactive dog.

Ensure the muzzle you choose fits your dog correctly and has adequate pant room, considering they will be actively moving on the trail.  

I also stress high quality, as many muzzles on the market will not reliably prevent a bite.

We have tried several options but absolutely love our Adventurer model muzzle from Mia’s Muzzles (as seen in the pictures on this post).

Off-Leash Dog Deterrent

I hate that this must be considered, but it’s an important point to make in our current society.

There is a high likelihood that you will run into an off-leash dog at some point in your adventures. And not just an off-leash dog, but an off-leash dog with poor recall.

It’s every reactive dog owner’s nightmare (and a major reason why you should respect leash rules at every location you visit).

When a dog approaches, ignoring their owner (or the owner is nowhere to be found), you must be prepared to manage the situation to the best of your ability.

There are several safe (and compassionate) ways to discourage an off-leash dog from approaching. Some we have used in the past include:

• Clapping your hands or confidently telling them to “Go”
• Block the approaching dog off with your body
• Throw treats to the dog as a distraction if you have an escape route or see the owner coming
• Pop an umbrella open in the direction of the dog to startle them
• Use a spray of water to startle the dog (we love the Spleash for incorporating this into their leash handle)
• The Company of Animals Pet Corrector uses a hiss of air (not harmful or painful substances) to keep a dog away

Whatever option you use, I recommend practicing with your dog at home so they are used to the sound. If your dog panics, it could make managing the situation more complicated.

Final Thoughts: Navigating the Trails with Reactivity

Hiking with a reactive dog may seem challenging, even impossible, but try not to be discouraged.

With the proper preparation, gear, and approach, getting out and exploring the great outdoors safely with your best friend by your side is possible.

Remember, every dog is unique, and what works for one may not work for another.

Don’t hesitate to seek professional guidance from a qualified trainer or behaviourist to help you overcome obstacles and set your dog up for success.

Hiking and camping with a reactive dog may look a little “different,” but with patience, persistence, and the right tools, you can create unforgettable memories with your reactive pup.